Naomi Kleins No Logo An analytical critique free essay sample

An assessment of the legitimacy of Naomi Kleins book, 'No Logo' as it applies to the post-Fordian word. This paper is about the hidden topics of Naomi Kleins top of the line No Logo (2000), the book that turned into a development, an enthusiastic enemy of globalization declaration. The paper takes a gander at the hidden subjects of Fordism and post-Fordism, shopper culture and globalization, and breaks down Kleins contentions while drawing on an assortment of sources, both artistic, William Gibson, Aldous Huxley and George Orwell, and scholastic/*Kennedy Cohen in addition to standing out Kleins communist plan from libertarian standards. In No Logo, Naomi Klein dissects the impacts of present day promoting on Western culture and culture in the late 90s. She contends, generally, against its expansive consequences for regular day to day existence, just as on the moral issues related with the transition to a post-Fordist society, where creation happens in underdeveloped nations under what is, essentially, nineteenth century conditions. We will compose a custom exposition test on Naomi Kleins No Logo: A logical study or then again any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page

Conquest of Aztecs

Victory of Aztecs Presentation Conquest ever. The success of Mexico can be viewed as one of the occasions on the planet history that can be seen as per the artistic sources accessible on the victory. All things considered, two respectable sources Five Letters of Cortã ©s to the Emperor: 1519-1526 by Hernan Cortã ©s and The Broken Spears: The Aztec Account of the Conquest of Mexico by Miguel Leyn-Portilla advocate alternate points of view on this memorable wonder with nitty gritty portrayals and evidence.Advertising We will compose a custom paper test on Conquest of Aztecs explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, to have a full image of what has occurred in Mexico in the period of the Aztec realm, it is important to consider the two viewpoints and break down perspectives on the two sides of the contention. Incongruities in Amerindian and Spanish variants. The fundamental part of incongruities in the forms revealed by Spaniards and Amerindians concerns the job of the two sides i n the contention and the position they advocate. Subsequently, Spaniards, whose form has been viewed as the main narrative wellspring of the success, see this contention as a standard thing when they educated the occupants concerning their amicable goals yet annihilated the city to gather gold and different wealth. Simultaneously, Amerindians’ point of view mirrors the way of life of the Aztecs and absence of information about the genuine plans of Spaniards. In spite of the fact that these two sources are totally unique, they share a great deal for all intents and purpose as they exhibit similar occasions from alternate points of view and appear t supplement one another. Correlation of Sources First reports about the contact of Spaniards and Aztecs, crucial Spaniards, and view of Aztecs. The principal experiences of Spaniards and Aztecs are seen in various manners by the two creators. All things considered, Cortã ©s claims that Spaniards were amicable to the locals and neede d to set up business relations with the delegates of the Aztec realm so as to exchange with them while the locals invited them in a threatening way and numerous Spaniards were slaughtered or injured: Cortã ©s, answering by methods for the local mediator whom he had with him, educated them he would do them no damage yet scold them and carry them to the information on our Holy Catholic Faith, that they may become vassals of your Majesty and serve and obey him, as had the Indians and people groups of those parts which are as of now inhabited with Spanish subjects of your Majesty (Cortã ©s Five Letters 4). Simultaneously, this occasion was depicted in a totally unique manner by Leyn-Portilla.Advertising Looking for exposition on history? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The Aztecs were scared when they came to think about the appearance of outsiders however them to be of awesome source. Along these lines, â€Å"Prince Ixtlilx ochitl of Tezcoco †¦ left his city with a gathering of supporters to welcome Cortã ©s in peace† (Leyn-Portilla II-330). This implies the Aztecs were prepared to invite the outsiders and offer all that they had with them since they trusted Spaniards to be the divine beings that came back to their nation to administer it. At the end of the day, the impression of Aztecs was generally set apart with their strict customs and social quirks while the view of Spaniards was stamped uniquely with a longing to serve the crown of his Majesty, spread Christianity no matter what, and improve themselves and the Spanish rulers with the gold they saw in the landmass. The distinction happens because of the assortments in the impression of the victory as an idea by the two sides with respect to one gathering this was a slaughter and obliteration of the realm while for another this turned into a wellspring of riches. The picture of Aztecs by Spaniards, and picture of conquistadors by Aztecs . The picture of each gathering varies incredibly from another. This occurs because of the incongruities in their perspectives, foundation information on the two sides, capacity to surmise from what they see, and utilize the data gained for additional turn of events. Simultaneously, the two creators underline the awesome inception of Spaniards as saw by Aztecs. For example, Amerindians believed Spaniard to be their divine beings and were prepared to acknowledge whatever they state because of their longing to be useful for their divine beings. The main contacts of Spaniards and Aztecs mirror the profound respect of the two gatherings, â€Å"the ruler was bewildered to see a man with such white skin and with a whiskers and with so much fearlessness and majesty† (Leyn-Portilla II-331) just as Cortã ©s transparently appreciated the individuals he saw. This implies inviting connections could be the reason for future collaboration, trade, and association. The principle explanation behind Spaniards to assault the Aztecs incorporated their craving to serve the Spanish crown and â€Å"bring the locals of the land to the information on our Catholic faith† (Cortã ©s The Fifth Letter 4) and gather the wealth of the land so as to bring those to the territory for their rulers. As detailed by Townsend, â€Å"The conviction was an integral part of their [Aztecs’] cosmology and doesn't using any and all means demonstrate that they were deficient in insight or that their way of life was ‘less developed’† (para. 4).Advertising We will compose a custom article test on Conquest of Aztecs explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The principle explanation behind their disparities was how they would have preferred to coordinate since it was significant for Aztecs to stay a state with its own ruler and culture while the Spaniards attempted to spread their confidence using any and all means and recover as much gold and different wealth from this inexhaustible land as they could utilizing viciousness to convince individuals agree with their position. Tenochtitlan and Cortã ©s annihilating the principle city of Aztec domain. The part of collaboration is seen diversely by the two creators who give proof to help their points of view. Simultaneously, this viewpoint seems, by all accounts, to be conclusive for the two gatherings as they have various missions and have various methods for their achievement. All things considered, it is important to survey the source by Chaliand who refers to a passage from the book Letters from Mexico by Hernan Cortã ©s where the chief Cortã ©s reports the leaders of Spain about the triumph over locals and the consequences of their battle and the city they have caught. Besides, the creator counts the urban areas they have annihilated and other ‘successful outcomes’. Unexpectedly, this circumstance with the primary city of the Aztec realm called Tenochtitlan was seen as the coldblooded and unjustifiable activity of Spaniards toward the local occupants of this land. Leyn-Portilla portrays: â€Å"When the Spaniards went into the Royal House, they put Motecuhzoma under gatekeeper and held him under their vigilance† (II-334). This implies they claimed to be inviting just to arrive at the gold and were not inspired by trade with these individuals. Spaniards utilized Aztecs to arrive at their objective and played out their undertakings with extraordinary pitilessness; they â€Å"gathered all the gold into an incredible mount and put a match to everything else, paying little heed to its value† (Leyn-Portilla II-334). This implies Spaniards couldn't have cared less about the social legacy of the local individuals of Mexico since they needed gold and they got gold †the objective was achieved. Be that as it may, the annihilating of the city of Tenochtitlan isn't depicted by Cortã ©s as something wrong which ought not have been done or exceptional requirements of warriors or hostility from locals that could have caused such savage reaction. The all the more fascinating is the issue why the locals permitted Spaniards to catch their boss and consume their homes and deny them of their wealth and other important issues. Fighting: Gap in mechanical issues. The hole in innovation made the Aztecs incapable to vanquish the Spaniards and safeguard themselves and their sovereigns. IfAdvertising Searching for paper on history? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More Cortã ©s composes that the Aztecs â€Å"many walled in areas, pits and jettison, and numerous sorts of weapons† (131); nonetheless, these weapons were generally for battling with others from different settlings and for chasing. Such point of view assists with dissecting the whole ideas of the victory and its prosperity for Spaniards since they could utilize their further developed weapon to overcome these individuals with spending insignificant HR on this. The weapons of Aztecs are portrayed in another manner by â€Å"The most significant hostile weapon of the Aztecs was the Macana, a kind of oar molded wooden club edged with sharp bits of obsidian†¦during the Conquest warriors guillotined Spanish ponies at a solitary stroke† (Leyn-Portilla II-328). Also, the customs were a necessary piece of the Aztec culture and they didn't begin a war without announcing it to the adversaries. Truth be told, the custom to pronounce war clarifies everything as the Aztecs were not prepared to battle since they invited Spaniards as their companions. Simultaneously, the two viewpoints incorporate depiction of weapons and fighting aptitudes of the Aztec warriors differentiated to the absence of information about the region controlled by the Spaniards. As it were, the principle mechanical preferred position of the Spaniards can be viewed as the manner in which they began the war without pronouncing it and got them unprepared. In spite of the fact that Spaniards had indigenous partners among locals, they experienced endemic maladies which were one of the fundamental downsides of their military while locals were less defenseless regarding their wellbeing and endemic sicknesses yet really had faith in regard and different excellencies average of honorable men (as you recollect that, they respected the boldness and grandness of Cortã ©s when they initially observed him). End The debate that emerges after reviewin

The North American Free Trade Agreement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The North American Free Trade Agreement - Essay Example This implies at ideal work usage it can either create, say 600 pounds of corn or 300 pounds of nuts. In the interim, Mexico can substitute the creation of same items at the trade proportion of . Thusly, it might decide to deliver either 200 pounds of corn or 150 pounds of nuts. (Samuelson and Nordhaus, 2000) After opening up or changing exchange between the two countries, their underlying creation probability bends, spoke to by the strong line, rotate. In the event of the US, it could in any case produce 600 pounds of corn. Be that as it may, with exchanging with Mexico, it might now wind up with moderately increasingly nuts utilizing Mexico's cost proportion. So also, Mexico winds up with a similar amount of nuts however this time it might wind up with more corn as it exchanged with Mexico at the last's value proportion. The above model shows the advantages inferred by nations, especially exporters and buyers, when nations open up to exchange or experience exchange progression. As per the Foreign Agricultural Service (2005), deals of corn to Mexico and Canada expanded by 175% with exponential increment in send out an incentive somewhere in the range of 1993 and 2004. For this situation, ranchers can discover abroad markets for their gather, along these lines, upgrading their profit pote ntial.

An Exception to Tradition - Literature Essay Samples

â€Å"We can either emphasize those aspects of our traditions, religious or secular, that speak of hatred, exclusion, and suspicion or work with those that stress the interdependence and equality of all human beings. The choice is yours.† Karen Armstrong, the author of Twelve Steps to a Compassion Life, reminds us that blind adherence to tradition can prevent the equality of all human beings and delay the process of achieving true independence. In Chaim Potok’s novel The Chosen and Peter Stone and Sherman Edwards’s play 1776, Reb Saunders and John Dickinson grapple with the idea of defying tradition by granting Danny and The Thirteen Colonies the right to be independent; although both men are initially stubborn in their extremely illiberal positions, they eventually grant permission to their cherished possessions to emerge into a liberated world. Having to continue his father’s legacy as a Hasidic tzaddik, Danny begins to resent his roots and search for freedom in the secular realm of literature. Confiding in his dear companion Reuven, Danny states, â€Å"It’s really funny. I have to be a rabbi and don’t want to be one. You don’t have to be a rabbi and do want to be one. It’s a crazy world† (Potok 87). Clinging to his tradition beliefs and convictions, Reb Saunders exclaims, â€Å"Master of the Universe†¦ you gave me a brilliant son and I have thanked you a million times. But you had to make him so brilliant?† (168). After learning from Reuven of Danny’s secular activities, Reb Saunders abhors Danny’s deviation from the traditional Hasidic lifestyle which he himself was â€Å"taught by [his] father† (279). Although the customs and rituals of pre-World War Two, Jewish Europe are still much ingrained in Reb Saunders, he is well-aware of the difficulty th at would arise from â€Å"not causing [his] son, God forbid, to abandon the Master of the Universe and His Commandments† (279). Ensnared in between two paths of either granting independence to his son or forcing him into an arranged marriage, Reb Saunders ultimately chooses to give permission for Danny to explore his intellectual desires and enroll in a graduate program at Columbia University. As Reb Saunders states, â€Å"Today is—the Festival of Freedom†¦ today my Daniel is free† (281-282), Danny promptly receives his Passover blessing and achieves sovereignty. John Dickinson, a Continental Congress delegate from Pennsylvania, experiences the same tradition-shattering struggle as Reb Saunders. As the most obstinate delegate at the Convention, Dickinson advocates anti-independence, and stubbornly holds on to his political desires to the point where he refuses to release his hope â€Å"for [America’s] eventual reconciliation with England† (Stone 140). Dickinson’s uncompromising, resistance stance successfully allows the idea of succession to be blockaded for a great period of time. His constant negations seem especially discouraging when after Richard Henry Lee of Virginia proposes a resolution for independence, he shouts to John Hancock, â€Å"Mr. President, Pennsylvania moves, as always, that the question of independence be postponed indefinitely† (33). However, as Lee’s proposal gains an incredible amount of support, the inevitability of the signing of the Declaration of Independence forces John Dickinson to concede his pigheadedness. Although voting â€Å"Nay† in a split-delegation vote, he ultimately relinquishes his vision for America as a perpetual British colony and remarks, â€Å"I will join the army and fight in [America’s] defense, even though I believe that fight to be hopeless† (140). Although Reb Saunders and John Dickinson may externally appear to be invoking tradition simply for the sake of impeding progress, both men are indeed genuinely concerned with the pursuit of righteousness. Having only witnessed tradition as a precedent approach to resolving situations, Dickinson and Reb Saunders fear making a crucial, uncustomary decision that will impact the future of their respective communities. John Dickinson, exhibiting overprotectiveness yet authentic concern states, â€Å"Dont forget that most men with nothing would rather protect the possibility of becoming rich than face the reality of being poor† (96). However, not only does he foresee economic, social stability in a British-ruled America, Dickinson simply doesn’t possess the view of King George III of as a ‘tyrant,’ but rather, as the ruler of â€Å"the noblest, most civilized nation on the planet† (39). Reb Saunders, like Dickinson, shares the ultimate goal of freedom and liberty via tradition; neither man identifies an issue with the tradition simply because he shares a different, biased perspective. However, Reb Saunders finally comes to the epiphany that although Danny may choose to refrain from becoming a tzaddik, he may still have â€Å"the soul of tzaddik no matter what he did with his life† (Potok 279). Reb Saunders distinctly indicates that it wasn’t his lifelong goal to impose the burden of having to become a tzaddik on Danny, but instead to mold his son as a person who â€Å"must know how to suffer for his people†¦take their pain and carry it on [his] shoulder†¦always† (278). Both John Dickinson and Reb Saunders, two men alike in regard for traditional values, experience a surrendering of something they once grasped so tightly. Tenaciously clasping his religious beliefs that were cultivated in the motherland, Reb Saunders hesitantly allows his son to break away from a centuries-old tradition by not forcing him to become a tzaddik. At the same time, John Dickinson, an anti-secessionist who fervently disregards the other colonies’ hope for ever becoming independent, dolefully abdicates his extreme views in favor of giving permission for the remaining delegates to sign the Declaration of Independence. The sole way of exhibiting love emerges not from grasping onto something so tightly, but letting it go. As Danny â€Å"turned into Lee Avenue and was gone† (253), the Liberty Bell, initiating the fight toward American independence, sounded with its glorious ring that echoed the inscription on it which reads, â€Å"Proclaim liberty throughout all the land unto all the inhabitants thereof† (Leviticus 25:10).

Patrick Henry, an American Revolutionary Patriot

Patrick Henry was more than just a lawyer, patriot, and orator; he was one of the great leaders of the American Revolutionary War who is best known for the quote â€Å"Give me liberty or give me death†, yet this leader never held a national political office. Although Henry was a radical leader in opposition to the British, he refused to accept the new U.S. government and is considered instrumental for the passage of the Bill of Rights. Early Years Patrick Henry was born in  Hanover County, Virginia  on May 29, 1736,  to John and Sarah Winston Henry.  Patrick was born on a plantation which had belonged to his mother’s family for a long time. His father was a Scottish immigrant who attended Kings College at the University of Aberdeen in Scotland and whom also educated Patrick at home.  Patrick was the second oldest of nine children. When Patrick was fifteen, he managed a store his father owned, but this business soon failed. As were many of this era, Patrick grew up in a religious setting with an uncle who was an Anglican minister and his mother would take him to Presbyterian services. In 1754, Henry married Sarah Shelton and they had six children before her death in 1775.  Sarah had a dowry which was a 600-acre tobacco farm which also included a house with six slaves.  Henry was unsuccessful as a farmer and in 1757 the house was destroyed by a fire. After selling the slaves, Henry was also unsuccessful as a storekeeper. Henry studied law on his own, as was customary at that time in colonial America. In 1760, he passed his attorney’s examination in Williamsburg, Virginia before a group of the most influential and famous Virginia lawyers including Robert Carter Nicholas, Edmund Pendleton, John and Peyton Randolph, and George Wythe. Legal and Political Career In 1763, Henry’s reputation as not only a lawyer but also who was able to captivate an audience with his oratory skills was secured with the famous case known as â€Å"Parson’s Cause.†Ã‚  Colonial Virginia had passed a law regarding payment for ministers which resulted in decreasing their income.  The ministers complained which caused King George III to overturn it. A minister won a lawsuit against the colony for back pay and it was up to a jury to determine the amount of damages. Henry convinced the jury to only award a single farthing (one penny) by arguing that a king would veto such a law was nothing more than â€Å"a tyrant who forfeits the allegiance of his subjects.†Ã¢â‚¬â€¹ Henry was elected to the Virginia House of Burgesses in 1765 where he became one the earliest argue against the Crown’s oppressive colonial policies.  Henry gained fame during the debate over the Stamp Act of 1765 which negatively impacted mercantile trade in the North American colonies by requiring almost every paper used by colonists were to be printed on  stamped paper  that was produced in London and contained an embossed  revenue stamp. Henry argued that on Virginia should have the right to levy any taxes on its’ own citizens. Although some believed that Henry’s comments were treasonous, once his arguments were published in other colonies, the displeasure with British rule began to flourish. American Revolutionary War Henry used his words and rhetoric in a way that made him  a driving force behind the revolt against Britain.  Although Henry was very well educated, he was to discuss his political philosophies into words that the common man could easily grasp and make as their own ideology as well. His oratory skills helped to have him selected in 1774 to the Continental Congress in Philadelphia where he not only served as a delegate but is where he met Samuel Adams.  At the Continental Congress, Henry united the colonists stating that The distinctions between Virginians, Pennsylvanians, New Yorkers and New Englanders, are no more. I am not a Virginian, but an American. In March 1775 at the Virginia Convention, Henry made the argument for taking military action against Britain with what is commonly referred to as his most famous speech proclaiming that Our brethren are already in the field! Why stand we here idle? ... Is life so dear, or peace so sweet, as to be purchased at the price of chains and slavery? Forbid it, Almighty God! I know not what course others may take; but as for me, give me liberty, or give me death! Shortly after this speech, the American Revolution  began on April 19, 1775, with the â€Å"shot heard around the world† at Lexington and Concord.  Although Henry was immediately named as commander in chief of Virginias forces, he quickly resigned this post preferring to stay in Virginia where he aided in drafting the states constitution and becoming its’ first governor in 1776. As governor, Henry aided George Washington by supplying troops and much-needed provisions.  Although Henry would resign after serving three terms as governor, he would serve two more terms in that position in the mid-1780s.  In 1787, Henry chose not to attend the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia which resulted in the drafting of a new Constitution. As an  Anti-Federalist, Henry opposed the new Constitution arguing that this document would not only promote a corrupt government but that the three branches would compete with each other for more power leading to a tyrannical federal government.  Henry also objected to the Constitution because it did not contain any freedoms or rights for individuals. At the time, these were commonplace in state constitutions which were based on the Virginia model that Henry helped to write and which explicitly listed the individual rights of citizens that were protected. This was in direct opposition to the British model which did not contain any written protections. Henry argued against Virginia ratifying the Constitution as he believed that it did not protect states rights.  However, in an 89-to-79 vote, Virginia lawmakers ratified the Constitution. The Final Years In 1790 Henry chose to be a lawyer over public service, turning down appointments to the United States Supreme Court, Secretary of State and U.S. Attorney General.  Instead, Henry enjoyed that he had a successful and thriving legal practice as well as spending with his second wife, Dorothea Dandridge, who he had married in 1777. Henry also had seventeen children who were born between his two wives. In 1799, fellow Virginian George Washington persuaded Henry to run for a seat in the Virginia legislature.  Although Henry won the election, he died on June 6, 1799, at his â€Å"Red Hill† estate prior to ever taking office.  Henry is commonly referred to as one of the great revolutionary leaders who lead to the formation of the United States.

Essay Biology, 7e (Campbell) Chapter 24 the Origin of...

Biology, 7e (Campbell) Chapter 24: The Origin of Species Chapter Questions 1) Which of the following applies to both anagenesis and cladogenesis? A) branching B) increased diversity C) speciation D) more species E) adaptive radiation Answer: C Topic: Concept 24.1 Skill: Comprehension 2) Which of the following statements about species, as defined by the biological species concept, is (are) correct? I. Biological species are defined by reproductive isolation. II. Biological species are the model used for grouping extinct forms of life. III. The biological species is the largest unit of population in which successful reproduction is possible. A) I only B) II only C) I and III D) II and III E) I,†¦show more content†¦What type of reproductive barrier is most obviously separating these different species? A) habitat isolation B) temporal isolation C) behavioral isolation D) gametic isolation E) postzygotic isolation Answer: A Topic: Concept 24.1 Skill: Comprehension 13) Which of the following must occur during a period of geographic isolation in order for two sibling species to remain genetically distinct following their geographic reunion in the same home range? A) prezygotic barriers B) postzygotic barriers C) ecological isolation D) reproductive isolation E) temporal isolation Answer: D Topic: Concept 24.1 Skill: Comprehension Use the following options to answer the following questions. For each description of reproductive isolation, select the option that best describes it. Options may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. gametic B. temporal C. behavioral D. habitat E. mechanical 14) two species of orchids with different floral anatomy Answer: E Topic: Concept 24.1 Skill: Application 15) two species of trout that breed in different seasons Answer: B Topic: Concept 24.1 Skill: Knowledge 16) two species of meadowlarks with differentShow MoreRelatedStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pages22 †¢ Improving Ethical Behavior 22 Coming Attractions: Developing an OB Model 23 An Overview 23 †¢ Inputs 24 †¢ Processes 25 †¢ Outcomes 25 Summary and Implications for Managers 30 S A L Self-Assessment Library How Much Do I Know About Organizational Behavior? 4 Myth or Science? â€Å"Most Acts of Workplace Bullying Are Men Attacking Women† 12 An Ethical Choice Can You Learn from Failure? 24 glOBalization! Does National Culture Affect Organizational Practices? 30 Point/Counterpoint Lost in Translation

Human Resource Planning Job Analysis

Questions: 1. General Process of Job Analysis.2. How Job Analysis is related to Job Description.3. Legal issues of Job Analysis.4. Implications of job analysis.5. Has any position within an organization for which I have worked for been subjected to job analysis?6. Usefulness of Job Analysis in an Organization. Answers: Introduction Most firms and organizations are experiencing day to day changes regarding labor advancements, machines and equipment in all sorts of manner due to stiff competition from other companies. Thus, HR managers in most organizations must come up with plans and goals that help in smooth running of the business. Additionally, the human resource managers must be aggressive and have the technical knowledge of how to handle his or her organization employees effectively for better achievement of the organization's goals and objectives. The essay is showing the typical process of job analysis including its legal issues and clearly prove how the job analysis process can be better useful and relevant to the growth of an organization. 1. General Process of Job Analysis Job analysis is the standardized procedure of acquiring information for the tasks needed for the job and human capital attributes of the individuals to perform tasks. It is also known as work analysis. In addition, job analysis is the key foundation of most human resource activities involved in organizations, as it includes programs such as selection, recruitment, training and even compensation of employees (Armstrong and Taylor, 2014). The process of job analysis involves the following steps; Identifying the reason for conducting the job analysis. The reason should be in favour of organization's strategic plan and success. List down the jobs to be analysed. When you identify the cause for job analysis, it provides a platform of knowing the positions to be included in the job analysis. Review reasonable background data. Going back to the previous work and data helps to provide necessary information with where to begin the project. Execute and plan the job analysis project. There must be data collection and plan developed on how to carry out project activities. Note the job description and specifications. Having collected and analyzed data that is written to work output, job descriptions, and specifications. Periodic review of the job analysis. Organisations should use a revolving process whereby it examines a section of the organization annually thus the entire group ends up examined within a period of three to five years. 2. How Job Analysis is related to Job Description Job analysis is the procedure that gives duties and requirements of a particular job and provides information about the responsibilities, duties, outcomes and the necessarily needed skills of a particular job. Job analysis eventually gives the information required for writing job specification and description job, since job description is a written report that lists all job functions, duties, roles and responsibilities of employees. The job description is, therefore, the result of job analysis. The relationship between job analysis and job description evidently comes in when one has to have job analysis as the primary fundamental basis where job description is derived. Job description mainly assists human resource managers in job evaluations, staff training, staff performance appraisal, recruitment of employees and others. The HR departments need to formulate their ideas and primary objectives from job analysis first for them to come up with a job description. The job description is, therefore, the outcome or end product of job analysis that helps human resource managers when it comes to the efficient running of the organization. Henceforth, in human resource planning both job analysis and job description are required in management (Imran, and Cheema 2014). 3. Legal issues of Job Analysis The following are the legal guidelines required in the process of implementing job analysis programs in organizations. First is the uniform selection of employees whereby the law requires similar procedures and guidelines employed when it comes to the handling of employees. A brief job analysis should be looked into when selecting employees. Validity study reviewed according to information of the available job and all the job analysis should be listed correctly on selection. Significant work behavior of the job should also be noted and all the procedures involved in them properly. The job analysis should also comply with the Australian Disabilities Act (ADA) which explicitly states that a physically challenged person must be able to work properly for him or her to get the job. The ADA also requires reasonable accommodation for physically challenged individuals in in the workplace. It is, therefore, important for human resource managers when planning their job analysis and description to adhere to these regulations for the efficient management of the organization (Berman, Van Wart 2015). 4. Implications of job analysis Distorted data due to lack of cooperation from employees when job analysis is being carried out due to fear of losing a job. The job analyst does not get the actual data on how a particular section of employees needs to be improved. Job analysis is a lengthy project which is frustrating to the job analyst as it requires a lot of time to collect data. Job analysis can fall in the hands of unqualified job analyst thus the collected data is not complete because he is not able to perform the duties as required. When job analysis is carried out, mental abilities of an employee cannot be observed thus being forced to at times fire an individual who is knowledgeable. All that is told to the job analyst by employees may not be true thus he requires different measures to get the real information from the sources of collecting data are small. 5. Has any position within an organization for which I have worked for been subjected to job analysis? Yes. As an industrial engineer, my body has been subjected to this process of job analysis severally as the human resource manager regularly gathers, synthesizes information about certain tasks in the organization. From manpower planning to performance of the total employees in all sectors are heavily involved in the job analysis which clearly leads to the better achievement of the firm's objectives. Training of employees and success planning are fundamental basics of job analysis which makes the organization run efficiently in achieving its goals for example in the previous years it has attained more sales in the market than before. 6. Usefulness of Job Analysis in an Organization Job analysis helps with the improvement of the organization productivity and growth. Its importance is; Training and development whereby job analysis is useful in assessing employee's needs and requirements when training. Job analysis is also used in the creation and redesigning of jobs in an organization. Job analysis evaluates the sectors that need addition or removal of employees for output increase and better performance of employees. Job analysis plays a vital role in compensation management whereby the pay packages, wages, and salaries of employees are decided to depend on the job titles and duties. Job analysis is essential when it comes to recruitment and selection. It helps in determining the right personnel required in performing a particular job of the organization in the right place. Job analysis also assists human resource managers in performance evaluation whereby they are easily able to measure if their stated goals and objectives get achieved. Conclusion Job analysis is a crucial requirement when it comes to effective and efficient human resource planning in an organization. Therefore, human resource managers should correctly plan their goals and objectives necessary for the better performance of their overall organization productivity with proper designing of job analysis. This should be accompanied by the recruitment of the job candidates with the most suitable job design traits. References Armstrong, M., Taylor, S. (2014). Armstrong's Handbook of Human Resource Management Practice. Kogan Page Publishers. Berman, E. M., Bowman, J. S., West, J. P., Van Wart, M. R. (2015).Human resource Management in public service: Paradoxes, processes, and problems. Sage Publications. Imran, H., Arif, I., Cheema, S., Azeem, M. (2014). The relationship between jobs Satisfaction, job performance, attitude towards work, and organizational commitment. Entrepreneurship and innovation management journal, 2(2), 135-144.

War Of Roses Essays - Knights Of The Garter, House Of York

War Of Roses 1. The main players of the War between the Roses Lancastrian Henry VI became King of England at the young age of one, succeeding his father Henry V. He was incapable of following in his mighty predecessor's footsteps. Fractions in the court dominated him all his life. Margaret was the daughter of the powerful French noble Rene of Anjou, was married to Henry VI to strengthen ties with France. She was beautiful, fiery, blunt, and was a loyal friend as well as a dangerous enemy. Her blatant favoritism caused much resentment in England, and set sparks which would later flare up into the Wars of the Roses. Somerset escalated the clash between the two families enormously. He was the bastard grandson of John of Gaunt and one of the King's closest relations, who handled a great amount of power. He supported King Henry VI and the Queen during the King's breakdown. William de la Pole was a magnate of moderate power who came to exercise much control in the Lancastrian circle. Yorkist Richard Plantagenet was a man of many titles and lands who was filled with a passion to raise his family to what he saw as their proper due. He was also the father of Edward IV and Richard III. His relationship with King Henry was amiable at first and his claim to the throne was considered strong enough for him to become heir to Henry VI. Salisbury staunchly stood by York at all times, even when York later endangered both of them with his arrogance. His devotion was paid back by death. Richard, the Earl of Warwick, was the most powerful noble ever seen in England. Richard was York's nephew and a firm defender of that party, continuing to fight alongside his cousin Edward after York's death. He eventually was the person who placed Edward on the throne. Edward IV, Earl of March, was handsome and skilled. He fought by his father's side during the early years of the Wars of the Roses. When his father was killed at Wakefield, he became leader of the Yorkist cause. In 1461 he organized a landing at Sandwich, then marched into London and claimed the throne for himself, crowning himself King Edward IV. Upon the death of his father, the Duke of York, in the battle of Wakefield on December 31, 1460, Edward took up both the position and the quarrel of his father. 2-3. The reasons for The Wars of Roses and the final outcome The reason the Wars of the Roses started was to determine who would have control over the English throne. It was between the descendants of the sons of Edward III, the Duke of York and the Duke of Lancaster. In 1399 Henry of Bolingbroke, the son of the Duke of Lancaster, seized the throne from Richard II and declared himself King Henry IV. This placed the House of Lancaster, son John of Gaunt, on the throne of England even though there were descendants better suited by birth rank to be king, such as the Earl of March. The people opposed Henry IV until his death. When he died his son was crowned King Henry V and proved to be a great king. He led his army into France and scored several victories, but Henry V died in 1422 leaving the one year old Prince Henry as his heir. When he became old enough to rule England he listened too much to his current favorite advisor, which made him unpopular with his people. The struggle began in 1455 when Richard Plantagenet, Duke of York, challenged Henry VIs right to be king. Richard was descended in the direct male line from Edward III's fifth son, Edmund, Duke of York, and through his mother, Anne Mortimer, in the direct female line from the third son Lionel Duke of Clarence. Richard had a better title to the throne than Henry VI. Despite this fact the Yorkist family chose not to press its claim. Henry IV and his son, Henry V, were well supported by the population, and any attempt to overthrow Lancastrian power during their reign would have been a difficult endeavor. This changed upon the reign of Henry VI. Henry VI married Margaret of Anjou, the daughter of an influential

The Value Of The Modern Management Accounting System

The Value Of The Modern Management Accounting System Free Online Research Papers Today, because of revolution in management accounting, both smallest corner store and largest multinational organization start their own innovation on their accounting perspective. They were successful by applying new cost accounting model such as ABC systems and JIT system to improving the cost accounting system. Their Sociological perspective can be understood as a point of view that focuses not on individuals but their group or society, this is another concept that can be improve the value of modern management accounting system. Nowadays, most successful organization are more and more concentrate on the management accounting system innovation, by using both technical model and sociological/behavioral perspectives to improve the value in their management accounting system. The following essay will discuss the organizations how to apply the management control system to improve the working performance, and guide the employees achieving the goals. Introduction Simon (1995, p5) states that management control system as â€Å"the formal information-based routines and procedures managers use to maintain or alter patterns in organizational activities†. Management control system plays an important role in management accounting, it helps the directors to make decisions in daily operation and give good strategies of the business. In general, this system collects and uses information to aid and coordinate the planning and control decision. Moreover, the main point of management control system is to guide the behavior of the managers and employees to achieve the goal. In addition, management control system collects both financial and non-financial information inside and outside of the company. Management control system could depart as formal and informal control system. However, according to Simons’ definition of management control system the formal management control system much more helpful to aid the company achieve the goal. Becaus e to the formal management control system itself, it includes the explicit rules, procedures, performance measures and incentive plans so that it could guide the behavior of its managers and employees. The formal management control system consists of some systems and management accounting is one of the formal systems that provide information about revenue, cost and income, and according to this information. The manager could create the strategies and improve the working performance. This kind of system referred as a technical control system. However, only the technical control system is not good enough to guide the manager and employees achieving the goal. Hence, human resource system becomes another formal management control system which prepares the information on recruiting, training, absenteeism and accidents. It also supports a quality system that provides the information on scarp, defects, rework and late deliveries to customers. This kind of system is facing to the public whi ch is referred as a sociological control system. The main function of management control system is to sufficiently combine these two system so that to help the business improve the performance and achieve the goal more effectively. (Horngren, et al, 2003, p754) Technical control system As management accounting system is one of the formal management control system, and planning is one of the management process phase. Planning is used by management to develop the organization’s objective or goal, and set a plan that how to achieve it. For example, one organization set its objective to increase the market share by 10% and introduce its new product. The organization might decide to three actions to achieve it, increased advertising budget, open a new sales territory, and increase the research and development budget. Strategic planning is one kind of planning which is used by management to develop long-run courses of action to achieve the goal. Usually, a strategic planning involves a period’s cove five or ten years. Therefore, the plan serves as the basis for the long-term commitment of organizational resources. A strategic plan is approved by senior management level; it should integrate all aspects of the enterprise’s operations to achieve the lon g-term objective. Strategic plan should be periodically reviewed and revised, because it could be changed by environment during the operating period. Furthermore, in the short-term, operational planning is a short-run planning for achieving the operational goal. The objective of the operational plan should absolutely support all strategic planning of the enterprise. Thus, operational plan sets a period from a week or a month to several years. (Robin Copper, Regine Slagmulder, 1998, p.16) Operational plans are typically designed to achieve quality goal such as customer satisfaction, production and cost. In management accounting system, budget is a good tool for planning and achieving the operational objective. Budget is a process of translating the planning and programming decisions into specific projected financial plans for short-run. It is a segment of action programs adopted that set out planned and estimate the resources to be applied for the budget periods in order to attain the accomplishments. It also includes financial and non-financial aspects of the plan and the blueprint of the company in the upcoming years. As a management accountant, usually spend a lot of time in preparing and analyzing the budgets. The reason is that the manager could get some advantages from budget. The first advantage is strategic planning and implementation of plans. The managers could set its effective strategic planning access budget and match its marketplace and its opportunities to accomplish the goal. In addition, framework for judging performance is also an advantage of budget. Budget can overcome two limitations of using past performance as a basis for actual result. The third advantage is motivat ing managers and employees. A lot of research shows that budgets could challenge to improve the working performance. Because if the company can not achieve the budget number, it is viewed as a fail operation. Most managers and employees will work hard to avoid the failure and try the best to achieve the goal. That means the budget could push the managers and employees to achieve the goal more active. (Horngren, et al, 2003, p176) However, a successful of a business is not enough to be created by a good budget. Control is an important and necessary tool to meet the budget. It monitors the result between budget and actual to determine if the budget result is achieved or not. (Battistutta and Duncan, 1998, p355) When the managers have planned the goals and directed the actions, there comes the need to assess how well the plan is working. â€Å"Control is taking actions that implement the planning decisions and deciding how to evaluate performance and what feedback to provide that will help future decision making.† (Horngren, et al, 2003, p6) Controlling monitoring the operating results of implemented plans and comparing the actual results with the expected results. This feedback allows manager to isolate significant departures from plan for further investigation and possible remedial action. It may also lead to a revision of future plans. This philosophy of controlling is sometimes referred to as management by exception. For example, if actual department costs incurred in maintaining a process significantly exceed expected costs, then an investigation may be conducted to determine the cause of the difference so that corrective action may be taken. (Robin Copper, Regine Slagmulder, 199 8, p.17) Today many industries are reaching capacity levels and enjoying increase the sales and profits, the most significant change for manufacturing environment is â€Å"by increased automation and computerization, reduced levels of direct labor and inventory, increased attention to product and production planning, and shorter product life cycles.† (Anonymous, 2004). Such these manufacturing philosophies were along with the changing technologies, and as for the traditional cost accounting model, it can not be matched. Because the traditional costing accounting gives too little attention to internal and cost controls and cost controls, matches revenue and expenses improperly. Thus an alternative to these suggested solutions is for the accounting system to adopt for new method of accounting for product costs under generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). â€Å"Activity-base costing, technology, and JIT (Just-In-Time) system have been developed to update the traditional account ing model so it adequately reflects today’s manufacturing environment.† (Seed, Allen H, 1990) These methods focus on cost control and the elimination of the overhead allocation problems therefore to improving the value of management accounting system. The later paragraph will discussed in more detail below to show why and how the traditional cost accounting model should be changed. Activity-base costing â€Å"Activity-base costing Accounting accumulates product cost and other financial and operational information based on the activities required to manufacture the product or achieve a financial or operational goal.† (Dilts, David M; Grabski, Severn V., 1990) Today’s management accountants are not allocating overhead to production solely on the basis of direct labor rather than before. The first step in activity-base costing is to identify the products that are the chosen cost objects. Such as the company make the men’s shoes named M-47. Then the direct costs should be identified next, after they developed the all cost account, all the cost should be allocated to activities. For example, the machine costs are allocated on the machine hours, and the direct labor costs are allocated on the direct labor hours. The left steps for ABC system is select the cost allocation bases to use for allocating indirect cost to the products, and identify the indirect cost associat e with cost allocation base. The last step is to compute the rate per unit and indirect cost allocated to the products. This method of allocation relates products costs directly to the resources used to produce them, comparing with the traditional model, they found that â€Å"overhead costs applied to their products could be as little as one-fifth or as much as 20 times the amounts applied under the traditional model.† (Dilts, David M; Grabski, Severn V., 1990) Controls also are strengthened under activity accounting because costs are controlled at the activity level where they are being incurred. The traditional model emphasizes cost control at the finished product level after the goods have been produced and the costs have been incurred. Therefore, activity base costing can be improved the management accounting by the stage of cost allocating and controls. Just-In-Time System The concept of JIT was defined of reducing inventories by working closely with supplies to co-ordinate delivery of materials just before their use in the manufacturing or supply process. This means JIT can minimize the inventory by supplying material and components to the production line directly before placement in to the product. Furthermore, in the ultimate JIT system, inventory is constant from year to year means that the cost of goods sold equals the cost of goods manufactured. However, normally, costs of goods, includes raw materials, work in process, finished goods inventory and cost of good sold. If cost of goods sold equals the cost of goods manufactured, then cost of goods sold will disappear, lead ending inventories to be immaterial. On the other hand, JIT profoundly affect the unit cost concept. â€Å"A successful JIT system requires the just in time supply of defect-free inventories to all stages of production.† (Anthony A. Atkinson,CMA 1998)This is means to improving the productivity by reducing the waste and the production costs. Sociological control system It is not good enough for the company to achieve the goal for using technical system. Sociological control system could assist the company and achieve the goal easily. People may have problems from the planning and controlling. Of course, budgeting will bring a lot of benefits for operating the company in the future. However, budgeting could bring the stress to all employees to achieve the goal at the same time. For example, in order to be effective, budgeting need to built â€Å"honest† relationships been the lower-level managers and high-level managers even their bosses. Because the lower-level managers want to keep successful and they may give the wrong number to higher-level managers and their bosses. â€Å"Empowerment is the most recent management initiative aimed at getting more effort, commitment involvement, and output from employees throughout the organization.† (Macintosh, 1994, P1) Thomas Johnson is a proponent of employee empowerment person. He believes that the problem can be solute by lower-level employees. Because they deep understand of production processes and customer concerns so that they could use the accounting information to aid the organization achieve their objective.(Macintosh, 1994, P1) Johnson also argued that there was a problem by using â€Å"remote control management† in the past couple of years. He said, Attention of management at all levels focused on costs, profit, ROI, leverage, and other financial results. Not shop floor organization and satisfaction of customer wants. Managers began to manipulate processes to achieve accounting results, instead of monitoring well-run processes by occasionally checking accounting results. Process management-intuitively understood by most managers before the 1950s-was quickly replaced by â€Å"managing by the number†. Worse, top managers increasingly identified and defined â€Å"process† in term of whatever it took to achieve desired accounting result. And that view of things was telegraphed throughout every level of almost every business in the nation. (Johnson, was cited by Macintosh, 1994, p10) Johnson also believed that â€Å"remote control system misleads managers into chasing false imperatives†¦always sustain output at a level to cover all costs, and always persuade customers to buy output at prices high enough to earn the market’s required rate of return† (Johnson, was cited by Macintosh, 1994, p10). Remote control by the numbers merely encourages lower-level managers â€Å"to manipulate (or tamper with) processes in order to achieve accounting cost and revenue targets dictated by â€Å"top down† command and control information† (Johnson, was cited by Macintosh, 1994, p10). Such actions are the opposite of the responsiveness and flexibility needed in today’s global markets.† In fact, this kind of higher-level manager does not understand how to satisfy customers’ needs and wants at all. More disturbing is they did not care the employees who actually produce and market the products. In summary, beside strategic management, many organizations are in order to gain and keep the competitiveness and they focus on their basic resources and employees. The competitiveness of the marketplace has placed a premium on productivity, quality and creativity. However, higher level of productivity and quality cannot be achieved by the employees who are alienated and disinterred. (Aryee, 1993, p227) Analysis As a result of buttered by intense level of competition under globalization of the marketplace. Most organizations need to apply an effective management system to create a committed workforce. Hence, management control system links socialization practices to the business strategy so that it can improve the working performance and aid the employees achieve the goals. Posneret al. (1985, p. 294) cited Watson (the legendary head) of IBM as saying: I believe the real difference between success and failure in a corporation (can very) often is traced to the question of how well the organization brings out great energies and talents of its people. What does it do to help these people find common cause with each other? I think you will find that it owns resiliency†¦to the power of what call beliefs and the appeal these beliefs have for its people. In other words, the basic philosophy, spirit and drive of an organization have far more to do with its relative achievements than to technological or economic resources, organizational structure, innovation and timing. (Posneret, was cited by Aryee, 1993, p229) â€Å"Human resource management can help a firm obtain competitive advantage lowering costs, by increasing sources of product and service differentiation or by both†. (Posneret, was cited by Aryee, 1993, p229) For example, human resource management should make their own employees happy so that the employees could work harder to help the firm achieve the goal. Active working behavior could improve the working performance, and it must reduce the costs and increase the sources of products and services. Oppositely, if the employees lost the commit and then, a negative working behavior will exist at the same time. It will cumber the development of the firm. Therefore, â€Å"Strategic human resource management posits that organizations select human resource management practices that stimulate and reinforce specific employee behaviors required to successfully implement organizational strategy.† (Collins, was cited by Aryee, 1993, p234) For example, the strategic human resource management could include that the company could set a bonus to encourage the employees who did good job. This action could motivate the employee working harder. Conclusion The two parts, one is improving the value of management accounting system by technical model, and the other is sociological/behavioral perspectives. In the technical model, it was mainly talked about the ABC system, JIT system, and technology accounting as the tool to improve the value of the management accounting systems and practice. Furthermore, Sociological and behavioral also can lead the management accounting system value improve, based on their external and internal environment. Try to be more concentrate on the customers, as much as lower the input price, to get more competitive advantages, therefore, to improving the productivity and lower the production costs by applying the technical method, as a results to improving the value of the management accounting system. Therefore in conclusion, move to the successful organization, the group need to be brave in innovation, although the financial technical such as costing accounting system but some other perspectives like non finan cial perspectives sociological and behavioral is also important for an organization to move to successful. The main function of management control system is to combine technical method and sociological method, and aid the working performance lead to guide the employees achieving the objective. References List Anonymous (Apr 2004) â€Å"10 Tactics That Foster Most Effective Change In Accounting Depts.† Accounting Department Management Report. New York: Vol.04-04 pg.1 Anthony A. Atkinson, CMA ( Nov 1998) â€Å" The Exchange† Management Innovation And Cost Accounting , Vol.62, Iss.9; pg.14 Aryee. S., (1993), Creating a committed workforce: linking socialisation practices to business strategy, Issues in strategic management accounting. Sydney. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich. 1993. 297 p. p 227-239 Battistutta, S and Duncan?S, (1998) Accounting For Non-accountants, Nelson Australia Pty Limited, South Melbourne. Dilts, David M; Grabski, Severn V. (Feb 1990) â€Å"Advanced manufacturing Technologies: What They Can Offer Management Accountants† Management Accounting; 71, 8; ABI/INFORM Global pg.50 Horngren, C., Foster, G. and Datar, S, (2003), Cost Accounting: A Managerial Emphasis, 11th ed, Prentice-Hall International USA. Macintosh, N. (1994), ‘Employee Accounting Systems’ in Management Accounting and Control System: An Organizational and Behavioral Approach, J Wiley, New York, p245-256. Robbins, Stephen P., Bergman, Rolf, Stagg, Ian and Coulter, Mary, (2003), Foundations of Management, Pearson Education Australia, Sydney. Seed, Allen H (Feb 1990), â€Å"Improving cost management†, Management Accounting; 71, 8; ABI/INFORM Global pg.27 Simons, R. (1995) Levers of Control, Harvard Business School Press: Boston MA. Research Papers on The Value Of The Modern Management Accounting SystemThe Project Managment Office SystemBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalDefinition of Export QuotasOpen Architechture a white paperNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This NiceMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductTwilight of the UAWThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationStandardized Testing

Anthropology (Cultural Diversity) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Anthropology (Cultural Diversity) - Essay Example This could also be a cultural symbol since "sun" can also signify something different in other cultures. Shamans, in some societies have priest-like roles. They often serve several functions such as healing, fortune-telling, and dealing with souls or serving as the connection between the physical and the spiritual world. However, the difference between a shaman and a priest is that the priest's role focuses more on conveying the teachings of God. The priest does not engage in fortune-telling, but instead, sets out to instill in people's minds how they should live their lives, according to the written commandments. Witches, on the other hand, are considered as the priests' female counterpart. However, their religious obligations are more on the care for nature and the maintenance of peace. A Monomyth is basically divided into three stages- the Departure or Separation, the Initiation and the Return. Below is an example of a heroic story, which is derived from one of the most well-known movies and Monomyth, The Lord of the Rings. The story begins with the hero living peacefully and quietly in a cottage, just beside a stream. Everything starts to shaken up when he meets his uncle who leaves a letter at his doorstep.

People Resourcing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

People Resourcing - Essay Example The definition of people resourcing includes a number of activities. â€Å"People resourcing is concerned with ensuring that the organisation obtains and retains the human capital needs and employs them productively. It is also about those aspects of employment practices that are concerned with welcoming people to organisation and, if there is no alternative, releasing them† .This definition highlights important aspects relating to people resourcing. First, it primarily focuses on organisation’s human capital requirements and subsequently it requires the effective and productive use of employees. In this regard, it is pertinent to highlight that this part of definition looks ambiguous as it does not further describe the productivity of employees. Consequently, this situation leads to consequent unclear application of definition. In the next part of definition, the definition author has attempted to elucidate hiring and firing perspective as an inbuilt part of people res ourcing. However, it is still relevant to highlight that this definition points out the importance of human capital. For example, the definition author insists that human capital, such as natural talent, ability to satisfy job description and job role as expected by employer, remains a central focal point of the definition. At the same time, the definition also insists that after satiating the first two requirements of the definition, it is essential to work for the third requirement (productive utilisation) of the hired personnel.

Biography of Plato Essay Example for Free

Biography of Plato Essay Plato was a Greek philosopher, mathematician, rhetorician, writer, founder of Academy, and even a double Olympic champion. He was born in 427 BCE in family of wealthy and influential Athenian parents: Ariston and Perictione. Platos real name was Aristocles. For his athletic figure his wrestling coach called him Plato, which means â€Å"broad†. As Plato was from a wealthy family, he got the best teachers of that time, who taught him music, grammar and athletics. At the age of 20 years old, Plato meets Socrates, who became his teacher, mentor and closest person. Eight years with Socrates influenced Platos life path. After Socrates died, Plato travels to Egypt, Italy, Sicily and Cyrene. Then he came back and opened his famous philosophical Academy. The Academy was an institution of higher education. Such philosophers as Aristotle, Heraclitus, Crates and Xenocrates attended Platos Academy. Plato’s writings are dialogues and letters to his teacher Socrates, which talks about a variety of different topics, ranging from philosophy to ethic, from mathematics to rhetoric. In these dialogs Plato used Socrates as a fictional person. His early dialogues are typically devoted to investigation of a single issue, where results are rarely achieved. The middle age dialogs developed, expressed, and defended Platos conclusions about central philosophical issues. And his later writings often modify or abandon the structure of a dialogue, they were critical examinations of the theory of forms, discussions of the problem of knowledge and cosmological speculations. Platos most famous works are: The Apology of Socrates, The Symposium and The Republic. Plato started the very first University in Europe – The Academy in 387 BC in Athens. Though the Academic was not open for the public, it did not charge fees for education there. Therefore no formal teachers or students, but there was unspoken distinction between teachers and students. One of the most famous Platos student, who also attended Academy for more than 20 years was Aristotle. There are evidences of lectures given in the Academy, such as Platos lecture On the Good and The use of dialectic. Academy continued on for nearly 1000 years until it was closed by emperor Justinian, because it was believed not to follow the Christian religion. Plato died on the day of his birthday at 347 BC. It is unknowing how he died, there are multiple versions from committing suicide to according to The American Scholar, Plato died in his bed, whilst a young girl played the flute to him. Plato moves his finger to indicate the beat and rhythm to get the right measure for her. When the girl gets the right measure, Plato died listening to the correct measure. References: Schall, James V. , â€Å"On the Death of Plato. † The American Scholar 65 (1996): 401-15. Print. Kemerling, Garth. â€Å"Plato. † Philosophy pages. Web. 9 Aug. 2006 Kraut, Richard, Plato, The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2011 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed. ), .

Factors that Effet the Price Depreciation of a Car :: Economics Transportation Essays

Factors that Effet the Price Depreciation of a Car What factors effect the Price depreciation of a car and how? As a common teenager I am reaching the legal driving age and will soon require a car. As for most teenagers my age a new car is expensive so a second hand car would by more appropriate. For this project I will be looking at cars from two data sources: * The Primary Source. I will be doing my own research by using an "Auto Freeway" magazine for second hand cars and a "What Car?" magazine to find the prices of the cars when they are new. (Information Provided: Car Make, Car Model, Price When New. Price Second Hand, Age, Colour, Engine Size, Mileage) * The Secondary Source. I will be provided with this data. (Information Provided: Car Make, Car Model, Price When New. Price Second Hand, Age, Colour, Engine Size, Mileage, MPG, Fuel Type, Service History, MOT, Tax, Owners, Insurance Group, Doors, Seats, Style, Gearbox, Central Locking, Air Conditioning, Airbags) Since the magazine is not a totally reliable source I could not research as much information for the primary source as the secondary source. After I have 100 results of each source I will use systematic sampling by selecting every second car to cut my results into half from both sources. I will compare both sources. With my results I will calculate the Price Depreciation (%) showing by how much percent the car has decreased from the (Price When New). I suspect that there will be several trends and patterns in the results. The lack of information in the primary source means that I can only make 3 successful hypotheses: * The Older the car the higher the Price Depreciation * The Higher the Mileage the higher the Price Depreciation * The Engine Size would have a very little correlation if any, but if it does the correlation would be, the Bigger the Engine Size the Lower the Price Depreciation To get my primary data I will be using a random sampling. To do this I will use the random button on my calculator. I will pres it twice: first time I will take the last two digits for the page number and then I will press it again and use the last 2 digits for the car number in the page. If there is no such page or car then I will repeat the procedure. I am using Random Sampling because since I don't get told what order the cars are in. Due to this Cluster Sampling cannot be used because the group selected could be only for one make of cars.

Babette’s Feast and the Power of Art Essay

When all deadlines are met and time is out in my favor, one can usually find me sitting comfortably on the couch with a bowl of popcorn on one hand and a remote control on the other. Watching movies has always been one of my favorite leisure. Although I try to see films from different parts of the world as much as I can, perhaps like the many others who belong in my generation, Hollywood movies are always top of the list. Seldom do I find fascination with other international productions especially European ones. They are slow-paced, often more serious and â€Å"less entertaining† than those produced in Hollywood. However, watching the Danish film â€Å"Babette’s Feast† made me reconsider and view European films with a different lens – one with a little more appreciation and interest. While the slow pacing is inherent to this kind of cinema, they also present a different style and meat altogether, leaving more room for its audience to think rather than just instant gratification offered by most American movies. This is very evident in Babette’s Feast. In its subtlety and simplicity, together with the use of brilliant metaphors and symbolisms, it was able to uncover the transforming power of art with beauty and sophistication. Babette’s Feast tells the story of two pious sisters whose lives were changed by their French servant, who was apparently an unspoken artist, Babette. One of the images that constantly reappear all throughout the movie, especially in the beginning, is the image of the dried fish. This symbolizes the life of Martina and Philippa and perhaps even those in the community who was devoted to the preaching of their father that to attain salvation, one must deprive himself all physical or worldly pleasures including food. They lived a life of unhealthy simplicity and unreasonable meagerness. Their simple and puritan way of living is so extreme that it has become dreary and ironically â€Å"lifeless†, like a dried fish in contrast to the delectable meal of Babette in the end. Another powerful symbolism is Babette’s washing of the window from the outside. It speaks to me as if Babette was trying to show the sisters what they have been missing for the longest time. Their world and their lives are similar to the dirty windows Babette were washing – dark and clouded by their austere beliefs. Because of the hyperbolic focus on spirituality, they were blinded from the beauty and joy of the outside world, from the other things that life has to offer including the love from men they rejected when they were young. Through Babette’s feast, which they initially refuted as they believed it was sinful, the sisters were opened to a new world from which they were hiding, to a reality where â€Å"righteousness and bliss [..] kiss†, where the spirit and the flesh are both nourished and nurtured without choosing or isolating one from the other. This reconciliation is symbolized by the candlelight snuffed out in the end. Aside from Babette’s art which is the sumptuous food she prepared very well, another integral element that played a significant role in the transformation of the sisters and the other members of the congregation is the character of General Loewenhielm, one of the sisters’ ex lover. If the sisters lived a deprived life, a deprivation not of accident but of choice, the general was at the other end of the spectrum. He symbolizes everything the sisters were not – luxurious and powerful. He enjoyed a life of abundance and glory. Because of this background, the general honestly and wholeheartedly enjoyed the feast while the others remained skeptical, refusing to surrender to their delight of the food. It was also the general who had this realization that there is joy both from bodily and spiritual nourishment, as he was dumfounded to partake in such kind of dinner in an unexpected place, considering it then as a grace and blessing from the heavens. All in all, Babette as an artist was successful. Like a masterpiece that brings joy to its audience, her feast was able to transform and bring love and happiness on the table, to the people who received her art. And this is what is meant by her statement, â€Å"an artist is never poor.† Her talent, which was able to transcend the material, and her ability to do her very best, is her wealth. Indeed, art has a very strong power to transform. Not only did Babette’s art transformed the characters in the story but the movie itself, as a form of art, was able to transform its viewers, me included. It may not be able to provide the â€Å"fun† from the thrilling and idealistic yet shallow plot of Hollywood movies but it was able to deliver something deeper and more delicate, something worthy of admiration and appreciation.

Education During Reconstruction During The Civil War

â€Å"Education during Reconstruction† In the south before during and after the reconstruction was a time for educational growth. Many states were just beginning to provide public education. The education system was trialed and errored to become the system that we know today during this era. The civil war brought separation of races but also families, the radical republicans stressed education during the reconstruction to avert the attention of the people from the war and racial issues. Before the civil war few states provided public education, but local churches and citizens started schools. Where teachers were left to their own devices and the day-to-day running of the school. The schools schedule was based upon the agricultural†¦show more content†¦They encouraged educational growth stating it was the key to social progress. They established the Freedmen’s Bureau in order to encourage the education growth of the country. It was passed by Congress in March of 1865 to help assist the former slaves in their transition to freedom. The Bureau distributed clothing, food, and offered military protection to students and teachers. The Bureau established schools, hospitals, and teacher training centers. They began establishing schools for the newly freed slaves in mid-1865. â€Å"In a free country the ballot should be available to every citizen, a school room open to every child† From the first days of their freedom Freedmen demanded formal education. Students from all ages, children and adults, crowded into the school. The schools began to become overcrowded and it was difficult to get a seat in the school. It was unlikely that 10 percent of the state’s African Americans population could find a seat in the school during reconstruction. The children were taught during the day. The teachers of the new students often claimed that they’re students had no idea how to learn in a class room or behave. The adults went to school as the children did, the adults attended school at night and were taught to read and write. The adults often learned to read so they would be able to read the Bible on their own. The teachers were both males and